Elke Loeffler is Senior Lecturer at the University of Strathclyde, Scotland, and Director of the non-profit organization Governance International. She has undertaken research and training programmes for the European Commission, OECD ,UNDP and many national governments and local authorities. She serves on the Editorial Boards of International Review of Administrative Sciences and Public Money and Management. Tony Bovaird is Emeritus Professor of Public Management and Policy at the University of Birmingham, UK, and Chief Executive of Governance International. He has advised the UK Parliament and government departments, Scottish and Welsh Governments and many public bodies. He has undertaken research for UK Research Councils, European Commission, OECD, and many UK and international public bodies.