Mario Testini is Full Professor of General Surgery at the Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Italy, and Head of the Department of Surgery at the Policlinic of Bari. At the time of writng, he is the Vice-President of the Italian Society of Surgery, and serves as a referee for its scientific and research programs. He is the Past President of the United Italian Society of Endocrine Surgery, and of the Italian Society of Digestive Tract Pathology. He has extensive expertise in clinical and surgical research in endocrine surgery, with particular reference to thyroid and parathyroid diseases, as well as in digestive, general and emergency surgery, and surgical oncology. He has a long research track record that includes innovations in thyroidectomy technique, molecular determinants of biological aggressiveness of thyroid cancer and optimized treatment strategy for thyroid cancer. He collaborates internationally with referenced scientists in the field of thyroid and parathyroid research. He has authored over 1000 scientific contributions between national and international congresses and research articles, of which more than 200 in high-ranking, peer-reviewed medical journals, along with several book chapters in national and international general surgery textbooks. Angela Gurrado is Associate Professor of General Surgery at the Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Italy, and Consultant General Surgeon at the Academic General Surgery Division, Policlinic of Bari. She has studied the application of advanced technologies, minimally invasive and robotic approaches to the treatment of endocrine, breast and gastrointestinal neoplasms and strategies to reduce post-thyroidectomy complications. Recently, her research has expanded to the gene expression profile in thyroid cancer. She has authored over 250 scientific contributions between national and international congresses and research articles, of which more than 90 in high-ranking, peer-reviewed medical journals, and has been author in national and international general surgery textbooks.