MICA PANI? is Fellow of Selwyn College, University of Cambridge, and was formerly Visiting Professor of International Economics at the University of Milan. His non-academic appointments have included posts in the UK Government Economic Service (Chief Economist at the National Economic Development Office), the Bank of England (Head of External Policy Division), the University of Cambridge (Bursar of Selwyn College) and the United Nations (Vice Chairman of the Committee for Development Policy, Consultant on the Economies in Transition and on Economic Reconstruction of Post-Conflict Countries), as well as a year with Ford Motor Co. His publications include books and many articles on various aspects of international and development economics, economic policy and industrial economics.