A.Raffaele De Gaudio is Full Professor of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care at University of Florence, Director of post-graduated School of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. He is working at Careggi University Hospital in Florence as Director of Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care. Past president of Italian Society of Intensive Care (SITI) and Vice-President of Italian Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care. His research area cover different fields regarding: Sedation in ICU, Infection and Sepsis in critically ill patient, Critical Care Nephrology, Perioperative Medicine, Acute Pain and Palliative Medicine in ICU. Dr. Romagnoli is an anesthesiologist and intensivist at the Department of Oncology - Section of Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the Careggi University Hospital in Florence. His main interests are anesthesia and intensive care in adult cardiac surgery, vascular surgery and thoracic surgery; he is an expert in hemodynamic monitoring and management (from pulmonary artery catheters to minimally invasive tools and echocardiography), as well as cardiogenic and hypovolemic distributive shock states. He is the author of a number of papers published in international, peer-reviewed, indexed journals including Anesthesia & Analgesia, Critical Care, the Journal of Critical Care, the Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Anesthesia, the International Journal of Cardiology, Pediatric Anaesthesia, Pediatric Critical Care Medicine.