M. R. Griffiths was Managing Partner for Italy at the actuarial consulting firm, Towers Perrin (now Towers Watson), until retiring in 2003, and is now a non-executive director of two Italian insurance companies in Milan, Italy. He was previously President of the British Chamber of Commerce for Italy where he has lived for thirty years.J. R. Lucas is a Fellow and Former Tutor of Merton College, Oxford, and previously a Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. He is a former President of the British Society for the Philosophy of Science, and his publications include Democracy and Participation (1976), On Justice (1980) and Responsibility (1993).