Martin Scheinin is Professor of International Law and Human Rights at the European University Institute, Florence. He joined the European University Institute in 2008 after fifteen years as a professor in Finland. Between 1993 and 1998 he was Professor of Constitutional Law at the University of Helsinki and between 1998 and 2008 he was Professor of Constitutional and International Law and Director of the Institute for Human Rights at Åbo Akademi University in Turku, Finland. He was previously a member of the United Nations Human Rights Committee between 1997 and 2004.