Mary is an Emeritus Professor of Nursing Education at the University of Southampton, UK and formerly Visiting Fellow at Tartu Health Healthcare College, Estonia. A nurse with a clinical background in critical care, Mary has a well-established international experience and reputation in the field of health care education, research, and evaluation, with a particular focus on competence, regulation, curriculum design, programme development and the impact of simulation and smart technologies upon competence acquisition. She has held influential leadership roles representing ‘Nursing’ within a series of European Union funded projects and policy events. Most recently she has co-edited their report on the outcomes of a project concerning ‘Transnational Comparative Assessments in European Higher Education’. She is an International Commissioner with the American Nurses Association Credentialing Center- for Nursing Professional Development .